Floral Characters, Jaltomata procumbens |
revised 8 Feb 2015 |
Link to Jaltomata homepage | The information on this page may be cited as a communication with professor Thomas Mione, Central Connecticut State University, Biology Department, Copernicus Hall, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, CT 06050-4010 USA |
Link to the Jaltomata of Arizona (USA), Mexico and Central America |
Materials & Methods. Several accessions of Jaltomata procumbens were grown (Table 1). Plants of each accession were grown in each of three different environments, as follows: Plants A & B (two plants), were grown in the University of Connecticut greenhouse. Two plants, C & D, were grown in the outdoor garden of the University of Connecticut. Two to three plants, E, F and sometimes G, were grown outdoors in planting boxes in New Britain, CT. Morphological characterisitics were measured on the parent plants (Figures 1 through 10, mostly in 2012), F1 plants (2013) and F2 plants (2014). The stigma was measured in greatest dimension while the style was horizontal on the dissecting microscope's stage plate. The parent plants (Figures 11 & 12) were manually hybridized: Flowers receiving pollen were open, but anthers had not yet dehisced, and were emasculated at the time of pollination. Thus, flowers providing pollen were in a later developmental stage than flowers receiving pollen. Some of the crosses resulted in fruit-set (Figure 13, Table 2). The crosses done at the University of Connecticut greenhouse were in a pollinator-free environment. Follow this link to graphs showing comparisons of the parents and their hybrids. |
Figure 1. Corolla size varies among accessions of Jaltomata procumbens, and is smaller during the pistillate phase, becoming significantly* larger the next day when flowers become functionally hermaphroditic. The plants from which this data was obtained also served as parents in manual hybridizations (year 2012) for genetics. "pistillate" - corolla radius was measured during the first day a flower was open: filaments were shortest and all anthers remained undehisced "hermaphroditic" - corolla radius was measured after filaments elongated and all anthers had dehisced, the second phase of the flower's life. Why does the corolla expand while making the transition from the pistillate phase to the hermaphroditic phase, a day after it opens? Here I speculate:
A pistillate-phase flower needs only one or a few visits to be pollinated and set fruit, while a flower providing pollen can contribute to a plant’s fitness during multiple visits by pollinators. Given that a pistillate phase is followed by a hermaphroditic phase, a plant can achieve greater fitness by doing something to attract more visits to pollen-providing flowers than to pistillate-phase flowers. Having pistillate flowers the same size as hermaphroditic flowers would invite an equal number of visits per unit time (both phases provide nectar). And these limited number of visits would be better spent asymmetrically, by directing pollinators preferentially to flowers that provide pollen because a flower providing pollen can contribute to a plant’s fitness the most by receiving multiple visits by pollinators. Given a finite number of insect visits, more than a few insect visits to a flower that is pistillate has the cost of lost visits to flowers where pollen could have been picked up and carried elsewhere resulting in the siring of seeds. |
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Figure 2. Calyx size varies among accessions of Jaltomata procumbens, and remains the same* size while a flower is open. The plants from which this data was obtained also served as parents in manual hybridizations for genetics. "pistillate" - calyx was measured during the first day a flower was open: filaments were shortest and all anthers remained undehisced "hermaphroditic" - calyx was measured after filaments elongated and all anthers had dehisced, the second phase of the flower's life. Vertical bars extend one standard deviation above and below the mean. Measurements made on outdoor and indoor plants were pooled, and were from the base of the pedicel to the calyx lobe's tip while the ruler was flat to the calyx. *T-tests, 2-tailed, were all not significant, p > 0.06 for all T-tests, one T-test per accession. Each column is based on the following number of measurements: accession 320 (17, 17), accession 321 (16, 22), 506 (12, 13), 569 (9, 11), 580 (11, 9), accession 586 (8, 10), accession 587 (12, 12), accession 599 (23, 20). All measurements by Thomas Mione in the University of Connecticut greenhouse, the outdoor garden of the University of Connecticut, and outdoor planting boxes in New Britain, CT. |
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Figure 3. The extent of darker green spots (pigmentation) on the lighter green corolla varies among accessions of Jaltomata procumbens, as shown in both this graph and figure 11 below. Measurements were made while a ruler was flat to the corolla, using only flowers in the hermaphroditic phase (all anthers had dehisced). Data from outdoor and indoor plants were pooled. Each value is from one flower and is: (the length of the darker green spots from the androecium toward the tip of the petal / the length of the petal) X 100. A Kruskal-Wallis Test (nonparamentric Anova) gave a p value < 0.0001 indicating that variation among accessions (columns) is significantly greater than expected by chance. The plants from which this data was obtained also served as parents in manual hybridizations for genetics. To consider the constancy of this character I compared the extent of corolla spots on a flower of an herbarium specimen with the data gathered for this graph. Good news! The measurement on the herbarium specimen I made in 1994 was very nearly the mean value of measurements made in 2012 (accession 580)! |
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Figure 4. Filaments elongate during the transition from the pistillate phase to the hermaphroditic phase, usually the second day of a flower's life, Jaltomata procumbens. The plants from which this data was obtained also served as parents in manual hybridizations for genetics.
"pistillate" - filaments were measured during the first day a flower was open: filaments were shortest and all anthers remained undehisced "hermaphroditic" - filaments were measured after filaments elongated and all anthers had dehisced, the second phase of the flower's life. Vertical bars extend one standard deviation above and below the mean. Measurements made on outdoor and indoor plants were pooled, and were from the base of the androecium to the distal end of the filament. "Filament length" includes the expanded base of the stamen; in other words the zero of the ruler was touching the corolla when then filament length was measured. Each column is based on the following number of measurements: accession 320 (13, 14), accession 321 (13, 18), accession 506 (8, 7), accession 569 (6, 8), accession 580 (7, 10), accession 586 (6, 4), accession 587 (7, 3), accession 599 (19, 10). |
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Figure 5. Anther length varies among accessions of Jaltomata procumbens. The plants from which this data was obtained also served as parents in manual hybridizations for genetics. Vertical bars extend one standard deviation above and below the mean. Both one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and a Kruskal-Wallis Test (Nonparamentric Anova) gave p values < 0.0001 indicating that variation among accessions (columns) is significantly greater than expected by chance. Prior to dehiscence fresh (not preserved, not pressed) anthers were measured with a dissecting microscope. Measurements made on outdoor and indoor plants were pooled. The same microscope, fixed at one magnification, was used for all measurements. Each column is based on the following number of measurements: accession 320 (19), accession 321 (17), accession 506 (15), accession 569 (12), accession 580 (10), accession 586 (10), accession 587 (13), accession 599 (26). All measurements by Thomas Mione in the University of Connecticut greenhouse, the outdoor garden of the University of Connecticut, and outdoor planting boxes in New Britain, CT. |
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Figure 6. Percent of filament's length having trichomes, proximal to distal, varies among accessions of Jaltomata procumbens. The plants from which this data was obtained also served as parents in manual hybridizations for genetics. Flowers were in the hermaphroditic phase (filaments had elongated, all anthers had dehisced). One flower was used for each value. Each value was: (the length of the part of the filament having trichomes divided by the length of the filament including its expanded base) X 100. Measurements made on outdoor and indoor plants were pooled. Vertical bars extend one standard deviation above and below the mean. All measurements by Thomas Mione in the University of Connecticut greenhouse, the outdoor garden of the University of Connecticut, and outdoor planting boxes in New Britain, CT. |
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Figure 7. Style length varies among accessions of Jaltomata procumbens, and significantly* increases in length during the transition from a flower's pistillate phase to its hermaphroditic phase. The plants from which this data was obtained also served as parents in manual hybridizations for genetics. "pistillate" - style was measured during the first day a flower was open: filaments were shortest and all anthers remained undehisced *A paired t test was significant, pistillate mean style lengths vs hermaphroditic mean style lengths, each pair of values coming from one accession (p = 0.0007, t = 5.108, 7 df; pairing was effective with r = 0.9173). And, a Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test, each pair of values coming from one accession, one-tailed, was also significant with p = 0.0039 (W = -36, T+ = 0.0, T- = -36, 8 pairs; nonparametric Spearman r = 0.9048 shows effective pairing). I know of no functional explanation as to why the style would, after the flower opens, grow slightly. Quite possibly, pleiotropy: there are genes that control the timing of stamen elongation (a day after-the-flower-opens), and stamen elongation has a functional explanation (Figure 4). Perhaps style elongation happens just because the same gene(s) are acting on both. Vertical bars extend one standard deviation above and below the mean. Styles were measured by removing a flower and then carefully removing the style from the ovary. The style was then placed on a ruler and measured to the nearest tenth of a mm while looking through either a hand lens or a dissecting microscope. Each column is based on the following number of measurements: accession 320 (11,12), accession 321 (5,5), accession 506 (4,6), accession 569 (1,2), accession 580 (8,9), accession 586 (3,5), accession 587 (2,4), accession 599 (12,13). All measurements by Thomas Mione in the University of Connecticut greenhouse 2012. |
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Figure 8. Stigma diameter varies among accessions of Jaltomata procumbens. The plants from which this data was obtained also served as parents in manual hybridizations for genetics. Vertical bars extend one standard deviation above and below the mean. The same microscope, fixed at one magnification, was used for all measurements. Each column is based on the following number of measurements: accession 320 (24), accession 321 (31), accession 506 (18), accession 569 (15), accession 580 (12), accession 586 (11), accession 587 (13), accession 599 (31). All measurements by Thomas Mione in the University of Connecticut greenhouse, the outdoor garden of the University of Connecticut, and outdoor planting boxes in New Britain, CT. |
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Figure 9. The number of flowers per inflorescence varies among accessions of Jaltomata procumbens. The plants from which this data was obtained also served as parents in manual hybridizations for genetics. Vertical bars extend one standard deviation above and below the mean. Each column is based on the following number of measurements: accession 320 (10), accession 321 (9), accession 506 (18), accession 569 (14), accession 580 (5), accession 586 (11), accession 587 (26), accession 599 (21). All counts by Thomas Mione in the University of Connecticut greenhouse, the outdoor garden of the University of Connecticut, and outdoor gardens in central CT. |
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Figure 10. Stamen angle relative to the style. This assessment was made during the flower's hermaphroditic phase, mid-day because with the normal closure of the corolla at dusk the angle decreases. Flowers were scored as having stamens that angle out strongly, angle out somewhat, or connivent stamens. An example of stamens that angle out strongly can be seen on the right side of figure 1 of the J. procumbens page. Examples of filaments that angle out somewhat can be seen in figures 6 & 15 of the J. procumbens page. Connivent stamens can be seen on the Jaltomata 321 page. These three categories, strongly, somewhat and connivent, were converted to approximate values to make this graph. The plants from which this data was obtained also served as parents in manual hybridizations for genetics. Each column is based on observations made on the following number of plants/flowers: accession 320 (5/11), accession 321 (6/7, and many flowers and plants in previous years), accession 506 (7/11), accession 569 (5/8), accession 580 (2/2), accession 586 (3/5), accession 587 (5/9), accession 599 (6/13). |
Figure 11. Anther size, corolla size, the extent of corolla spots (dark green, above) vary among accessions of Jaltomata procumbens. Flowers shown in pistillate phase. The stigma is darker green than the style. Units along top are mm. Collections Mione 569, 587 and 599 were grown for study, photo by Thomas Mione 2012. Letters "E" or "F" refer to the individual plant from which the flower was removed. |
Figure 12. Mature fruit, mature calyx size, and inflorescence variation among some of the accessions of Jaltomata procumbens (smallest units at center are mm, photo by Emmett P. Varicchio, December 2012, University of Connecticut greenhouse). |
Figure 13. Jaltomata procumbens. Ripe fruits produced from crosses made during 2012. Above note that the fruit, even though it contains putatively hybrid seeds, is the characteristic size of fruits produced by the maternal parent. Note the fruit all the way to the right: 599 is the maternal parent, the fruit is large, characteristic of fruits set on plants of race 599. Numbered units along bottom are cm. Photo by Thomas Mione, summer of 2012. One of the above crosses, 506 X 599, is briefly discussed here: |
Plants of a given accession had mostly been grown in Connecticut before, introducing the possibility of past gene flow among accessions. However, no evidence of gene flow among accessions was seen. For example, all plants of accession 321 had connivent stamens and all plants of all other accessions have stamens that angle out. And corolla maculae extend, among the plants of an accession, the same distance to the corolla lobe, but among accessions there is marked variation (Figure 1). Hairiness (or glabrousness) is consistent among the plants of an accession, but varies markedly among accessions. In other words, I saw uniformity among the parent plants of the same accession, and variation among accessions with the following caveat: accessions 586 & 587 are so morphologically similar that any past gene flow between these would not have been detectable by eye, would not have been noticable if it did occur. |
accession |
species |
country |
altitude m |
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320 |
procumbens | Guatemala | 2,680 |
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321 |
procumbens | Guatemala | 1,930 |
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506 |
procumbens | Mexico, Chihuahua | 1,675 |
|
569 |
procumbens | Mexico, San Luis Potosi | 2,058 |
|
580 |
procumbens | Honduras | 1100-2300 |
|
586 |
procumbens | Mexico, Puebla | 2,500 |
|
587 |
procumbens | Mexico, Distrito Federal | 2,750 |
|
599 |
procumbens | Mexico, Morelos | 2,230 |
|
693 |
procumbens | Costa Rica | 2,700 |
did not grow well in greenhouse; plants all died |
555 |
repandidentata | Nicaragua | 450 |
with few exceptions, not used for crosses for genetics pilot study, 2012 |
571 |
repandidentata | Mexico | 1098 |
not used for crosses for genetics pilot study, not used for floral biology studies 2012 |
605 |
repandidentata | Costa Rica | 700 |
not used for crosses for genetics pilot study, not used for floral biology studies 2012 |
Tag Number | Accessions and plants used, the recipient of the pollen is listed first and had undehisced anthers when it received pollen. Numbers are accessions; letters such as "A" or "B" refer to the individual plant. |
location UConn Greenhouse was free of pollinators. |
date of cross 2012 |
fate | Seeds Planted |
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1 | 587A X 599B | UConn Greenhouse | 30 July | Fail 30 Aug | |
2 | 586A X 599B | UConn Greenhouse | 30 July | Fail 11 Sep | |
3 | 599B X 586B | UConn Greenhouse | 30 July | Fail 22 Aug | |
4 | 599A X 506B | UConn Greenhouse | 30 July | Fruit Harvested |
not planted, seeds stored |
5 | 569B X 599B | UConn Greenhouse | 30 July | Fail 22 Aug | |
6 | 569F X 599F | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 1 Aug | Fruit Harvested |
F1 seeds planted spring 2013, about 8 seedlings, discarded due to lack of space |
7 | 587E X 599F | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 1 Aug | Fruit Harvested |
F1 seeds planted spring 2013, about 4 seedlings, discarded due to lack of space |
8 | 506E X 599F | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 1 Aug | Fail 16 Aug | |
9 | 599F X 587F | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 1 Aug | Fruit Harvested |
F1 seeds planted spring 2013, about 15 seedlings, discarded due to lack of space |
10 | 587F X 599F | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 1 Aug | Fruit Harvested |
F1 seeds planted spring 2013, no germination as of 4 June when soil containing seeds was dumped |
11 | 569E X 587E | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 2 Aug | Fruit Harvested |
F1 seeds planted spring 2013, seedlings, discarded due to lack of space |
12 | 587F X 569E | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 2 Aug | Fruit Harvested |
F1 seeds planted spring 2013, seedlings, discarded due to lack of space |
13 | 506F X 599E | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 6 Aug | Fruit Harvested | F1 seeds planted spring 2013, seedlings, discarded due to lack of space |
14 | 599E X 587E | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 6 Aug | Fruit Harvested 9 Oct |
not planted, seeds stored |
15 | 569G X 587E | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 6 Aug | Fail 12 Sep | |
16 | 587F X 569G | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 6 Aug | tag lost |
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17 | 569F X 599E | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 6 Aug | Fruit Harvested |
F1 seeds planted spring 2013, no germination as of 4 June when soil containing seeds was dumped |
18 | 599A X 587B | UConn Greenhouse | 7 Aug | Fail 22 Aug | |
19 | 587B X 599B | UConn Greenhouse | 7 Aug | Fail 22 Aug | |
20 | 586A X 599B | UConn Greenhouse | 7 Aug | Fail 22 Aug | |
21 | 506A X 599B | UConn Greenhouse | 7 Aug | Fail 22 Aug | |
22 | 569B X 506B | UConn Greenhouse | 7 Aug | Fail 22 Aug | |
23 | 599A X 586A | UConn Greenhouse | 7 Aug | Fail 22 Aug | |
24 | 320A X 599B | UConn Greenhouse | 7 Aug | Fail 22 Aug | |
25 | 569G X 506E | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 11 Aug | Fail 12 Sep | |
26 | 569G X 506E | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 11 Aug | Fail 12 Sep | |
27 | 569G X 506E | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 11 Aug | Fail 12 Sep | |
28 | 506F X 599F | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 11 Aug | Fruit Harvested |
not planted, seeds stored |
29 | 506B X 506B | UConn Greenhouse | 22 Aug | branch broke off 18 Sept | |
30 | 506B X 599B | UConn Greenhouse | 22 Aug | branch broke off 18 Sept | |
31 | 599B X 506B | UConn Greenhouse | 22 Aug | branch broke off 18 Sept | |
32 | 599B X 599B | UConn Greenhouse | 22 Aug | Fruit Harvested | |
33 | 599B X same flower | UConn Greenhouse | 22 Aug | Fruit Harvested, 2 Oct |
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34 | 599A X same flower | UConn Greenhouse | 22 Aug | Fruit Harvested, 25 Sep |
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35 | 599A X same flower | UConn Greenhouse | 22 Aug | Fruit Harvested, 25 Sep |
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36 | 586A X 599B | UConn Greenhouse | 22 Aug | Fruit Harvested, 25 Sep |
F1 seeds planted spring 2013, seedlings, discarded due to lack of space |
37 | 587A X 599A | UConn Greenhouse | 22 Aug | Fail 18 Sept | |
38 | 569E X 599F | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 23 Aug | Fruit Harvested, Oct | not planted, seeds stored |
39 | 599F X 587E | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 23 Aug | Fruit Harvested, 25 Sep |
not planted, seeds stored |
40 | 599E X 587E | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 23 Aug | Fruit Harvested, 25 Sep |
F1 seeds planted 11 April 2013, more than 25 seedlings, 25 seedlings repotted to individual pots in May |
41 | 599E X 587E | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 23 Aug | Fruit Harvested, 25 Sep |
F1 seeds planted 3 May 2013, about 12 seedlings, 12 seedlings repotted to individual pots on 24 May |
42 | 506E X 599F | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 23 Aug | Fruit Harvested, 24 Sep |
F1 seeds planted spring 2013, all four seedlings repotted to individual pots on 28 May |
43 | 506E X 506E same plant | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 23 Aug | Fruit Harvested, 24 Sep |
not planted, seeds stored |
44 | 506E X 569E | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 23 Aug | Fail 24 Sep | |
45 | 569E X 506E | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 23 Aug | Fail 13 Sep | |
46 | 569E X 569E same plant | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 23 Aug | knocked off in wind storm 19 Sept | |
47 | 321E X 506E | New Britain, CT, Outdoor | 24 Aug | tag lost |
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48 | 321C X 320D | UConn Greenhouse | 27 Aug | Fail 18 Sept | |
49 | 599C X 586C | UConn Garden, Outdoor | 28 Aug | Fruit Harvested | not planted, seeds stored |
50 | 321C X 586C | UConn Garden, Outdoor | 28 Aug | Fail 6 Sep | |
51 | 321D X 506C | UConn Garden, Outdoor | 28 Aug | Fail 6 Sep | |
52 | 599D X 506C | UConn Garden, Outdoor | 28 Aug | Fruit Harvested, 18 Oct |
F1 seeds planted 11 April 2013, about 25 seedlings, 25 seedlings repotted to individual pots in May |
53 | 599C X 569D | UConn Garden, Outdoor | 28 Aug | Fail 18 Sep | |
54 | 599C X 569D | UConn Garden, Outdoor | 28 Aug | Fruit Harvested, 2 Nov | not planted, seeds stored |
55 | 599C X 321C | UConn Garden, Outdoor | 28 Aug | Fruit Harvested, 2 Nov | not planted, seeds stored |
56 | 321C X 569C | UConn Garden, Outdoor | 28 Aug | Fail 11 Sep | |
57 | 321C X 587D | UConn Garden, Outdoor | 28 Aug | Fail 18 Sep | |
58 | 320C X 587D | UConn Garden, Outdoor | 28 Aug | Fruit Harvested, 18 Oct |
not planted, seeds stored |
59 | 320D X 569C | UConn Garden, Outdoor | 28 Aug | Fail 25 Sep | |
60 | 587C X 569C & 569D | UConn Garden, Outdoor | 28 Aug | Fruit Harvested | not planted, seeds stored |
61 | 587C X 321C & 321D | UConn Garden, Outdoor | 28 Aug | Fruit Harvested | F1 seeds planted 11 April 2013, 7 seedlings, all 7 repotted to individual pots in May |
The following three rows are controls, to see if (in the outdoor garden), bagging to prevent visitation by pollinators prevents fruit-set when flowers are not pollinated by hand and bags remain in place for 48 hours. The conclusion I reached is that pollinator exclusion bags should remain in place more than two days. When I bagged the following three flowers I wrote "if 62 through 64 set fruit we need to keep bag in place more than 48 hours." In the following three rows flowers were emasculated when bagged. | |||||
62 | 506C. Small unripe expanded ovary seen 25 Sep. | UConn Garden, Outdoor | 30 Aug | Fail, 18 Oct | |
63 | 599C. Small unripe expanded ovary seen 25 Sep. | UConn Garden, Outdoor | 30 Aug | Fail. | |
64 | 599D. Small unripe expanded ovary seen 25 Sep. | UConn Garden, Outdoor | 30 Aug | Fruit harvested 18 Oct |
not planted, seeds stored |
65 | 320B X 599A | UConn Greenhouse | 30 Aug | Fail or fruit dropped 10 Nov | |
66 | 320B X 506B | UConn Greenhouse | 30 Aug | Fail 25 Sep | |
67 | 320B X 320B same plant | UConn Greenhouse | 30 Aug | Fail 25 Sep | |
68 | 320B X 586A | UConn Greenhouse | 30 Aug | Fail 11 Sep | |
69 | 506A X 506A | UConn Greenhouse | 30 Aug | Fruit harvested 2 Oct | |
70 | 506A X 320B | UConn Greenhouse | 30 Aug | Fail 18 Sep | |
71 | 506B X 506B | UConn Greenhouse | 30 Aug | Fruit harvested 2 Oct | |
72 | 506B, emasculated but no pollinated by hand | UConn Greenhouse | 30 Aug | Fail 18 Sep | |
73 | 599A, emasculated but no pollinated by hand | UConn Greenhouse | 30 Aug | Fail 11 Sep | |
74 | 599A X 320B | UConn Greenhouse | 30 Aug | Fail 18 Sep | |
75 | 599A X 599A | UConn Greenhouse | 30 Aug | tag lost |
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76 | 599A X 320B | UConn Greenhouse | 30 Aug | Fail 11 Sep | |
77 | 321B X 599A | UConn Greenhouse | 11 Sep | Fail 18 Sep | |
78 | 321B X 320B | UConn Greenhouse | 11 Sep | Fail 18 Sep | |
79 | 321B X 587A | UConn Greenhouse | 11 Sep | Fail 18 Sep | |
80 | 321B X 321B, same inflorescence | UConn Greenhouse | 11 Sep | Fail 18 Sep | |
81 | 506A X 321B | UConn Greenhouse | 11 Sep | Fruit Harvested 11 Oct |
F1 seeds planted 11 April 2013, 2 seedlings, both repotted to individual pots in May |
82 | 506B X 321B | UConn Greenhouse | 11 Sep | Fruit Harvested 18 Oct |
F1 seeds planted spring 2013, no germination as of 4 June when soil containing seeds was dumped |
83 | 587A X 321B | UConn Greenhouse | 11 Sep | Fruit Harvested 18 Oct |
F1 seeds planted spring 2013, 1 seedling repotted to individual pot |
84 | 321A X 586A | UConn Greenhouse | 11 Sep | Fail 18 Sep | |
85 | 321A X 321B | UConn Greenhouse | 11 Sep | Fail or fruit lost18 Oct | |
86 | 321A X 569A | UConn Greenhouse | 11 Sep | Fail 18 Sep | |
87 | 599A X 320B | UConn Greenhouse | 11 Sep | Fail 9 Oct | |
88 | 599A X 321A | UConn Greenhouse | 11 Sep | Fruit Harvested 18 Oct |
not planted, seeds stored |
89 | 599B X 321A | UConn Greenhouse | 11 Sep | tag lost |
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90 | 599A X 321A and B, two flowers provided pollen | UConn Greenhouse | 11 Sep | Fruit Harvested 18 Oct |
not planted, seeds stored |
91 | 599A X 321A | UConn Greenhouse | 11 Sep | Fail 9 Oct | |
92 | 599A X 599B | UConn Greenhouse | 11 Sep | Fruit Harvested 2 Nov |
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93 | 599A X 320B | UConn Greenhouse | 11 Sep | Fail 18 Sep | |
94 | 599A X 320B | UConn Greenhouse | 11 Sep | Fail 9 Oct | |
95 | 599B X 587B | UConn Greenhouse | 11 Sep | Fruit Harvested 2 Nov |
F1 seeds planted 19 Apr 2013, about 15 seedlings 11 repotted to individual pots 3 June |
96 | 599B X 320B | UConn Greenhouse | 11 Sep | Fail 2 Oct | |
97 | 599B X 555 | UConn Greenhouse | 11 Sep | Fail 18 Sep | |
98 | 599B X 555 | UConn Greenhouse | 11 Sep | Fail 18 Sep | |
99 | 599B X 321A or B | UConn Greenhouse | 18 Sep | Fruit Harvested 2 Nov |
F1 seeds planted spring 2013, 5 seedlings, all repotted to individual pots 29 May, taken home by Emmett |
100 | 599A X 321B | UConn Greenhouse | 18 Sep | Fruit Harvested 2 Nov |
F1 seeds planted spring 2013, 5 seedlings, all repotted to individual pots 5 June |
101 | 587A X 320A | UConn Greenhouse | 25 Sep | tag lost |
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102 | 587A X 321A | UConn Greenhouse | 25 Sep | Fruit Harvested 2 Nov |
F1 seeds planted spring 2013, no germination as of 4 June when soil containing seeds was dumped |
103 | 587A X 587A, same plant | UConn Greenhouse | 25 Sep | tag lost |
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104 | 506B X 320B | UConn Greenhouse | 25 Sep | tag lost |
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105 | 506A X 321A | UConn Greenhouse | 25 Sep | Fruit Harvested 10 Nov |
F1 seeds planted spring 2013, no germination as of 4 June when soil containing seeds was dumped |
106 | 506A X 321A | UConn Greenhouse | 25 Sep | Fruit Harvested 10 Nov |
F1 seeds planted 11 April 2013, 2 seedlings, both repotted to individual pots in May |
107 | 506A X 506B | UConn Greenhouse | 25 Sep | Fruit Harvested 10 Nov |
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108 | 320B X 320A | UConn Greenhouse | 25 Sep | Fruit Harvested 2 Nov |
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109 | 320A X 506A | UConn Greenhouse | 25 Sep | Fruit Harvested 2 Nov |
F1 seeds combined with those of cross #110, planted 11 April 2013, about 25 seedlings, 18 repotted to individual pots on 27 May |
110 | 320A X 506B | UConn Greenhouse | 25 Sep | Fruit Harvested 2 Nov |
F1 seeds combined with those of cross 109 |
111 | 320A X 320A, same plant | UConn Greenhouse | 25 Sep | Tag lost or fail 2 Nov | |
112 | 320A X 587A | UConn Greenhouse | 25 Sep | Fruit Harvested 10 Nov |
F1 seeds planted spring 2013, seedlings, discarded due to lack of space |
113 | 320A X 599B | UConn Greenhouse | 25 Sep | Fruit Harvested 2 Nov |
F1 seeds planted spring 2013, repotted to individual pots in May |
114 | 321A X 321B | UConn Greenhouse | 25 Sep | Fruit Harvested 2 Nov |
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115 | 321A X 586A | UConn Greenhouse | 25 Sep | Fail 2 Oct | |
116 | 321B X 506B | UConn Greenhouse | 25 Sep | Fail 18 Oct | |
117 | 321B X 587A | UConn Greenhouse | 25 Sep | Fruit Harvested 24 Nov |
not planted, seeds stored |