Jaltomata leivae Mione

northern Peru
revised 16 Apr 2014  
Link to Jaltomata homepage The information on this page may be cited as a communication with
professor Thomas Mione, Central Connecticut State University, Biology Department, Copernicus Hall, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, CT 06050-4010 USA, and
Segundo Leiva G., Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Av. América Sur 3145, Casilla postal 1075, Trujillo, Peru
Novon 17: 49-58. 2007
Link to the Jaltomata of Cajamarca, Peru
Link to list of Jaltomata species
having red / orange nectar
Link to the Jaltomata
of northern Peru
Link to local names including of this species
Link to a list of edible Jaltomata species including this one

Figure 1.

Flower estimated to be in
day one of being open
because anthers
are undehisced


Photo by Thomas Mione
in Peru, collection
Mione, Leiva G. & Yacher 660

Figure 2.

Flower estimated to be in
day two or day three
of being open:
anthers have all dehisced.




Note, by comparing the
flowers above and at right,
how the corolla has become
revolute after
the flower opened.

 

 

photo by Thomas Mione
in Peru, collection
Mione, Leiva G. & Yacher 660

 

 

 

Character Description Figures on this page
Habit & Height
Suffrutescent or shrub, erect or sometimes leaning, to 2.5 m across when leaning on other vegetation  
Branches, young
angulate, green, glabrate with finger or dendritic hairs  
older
woody, to 2 cm in diameter at base, nearly terete, glabrous with lenticels, brown  
Leaves, size
alternate, often geminate, to 11 X 5.3 cm, membranous  
shape the blade ovate to elliptical, the apex acute, the base somewhat attenuate, the margin entire  
hairs both faces glabrate, the youngest (smallest) leaves with finger or dendritic hairs, the margin sparsely ciliolate on older leaves  
petiole to 17 mm  
Inflorescence
axillary, (1)2-(3) flowered; Flower buds dome-shaped at the apex and round in cross section.  
peduncle
1--9 mm, terete, green, sparsely to densely pubescent with finger and branchlet hairs  
pedicel
10--14 mm, terete, sparsely to densely pubescent with finger and branchlet hairs  
Calyx at flowering
green, 15 mm across, the lobes deltoid, adaxially glabrous except for abundant glands, abaxially pilose with both dentritic and less commonly forked or finger hairs and glands, the margin ciliolate  
shape / position when flowering reflexed 2
at fruit maturity 26 mm across  
Corolla color
the tube bright red-violet,
the limb light blue-purple to off-white
 
shape and size

urceolate, the tube 7--9 long X 10 mm wide at base,
the limb completely revolute, 14 mm across

6
lobes/lobules
10-lobed  
hairs
the tube glabrous within, the abaxial face pilose on veins with dendritic and finger hairs, and abundant glands on the lobes; the limb completely revolute, light blue-purple to off-white, the adaxial face pilosulose with finger hairs 0.2 -- 0.3 mm long having a bulbous terminal cell, the margin ciliate  
Stamen length including anther
11 -- 14 mm  
length stamens exserted beyond distal end of corolla (applicable if corolla has a well-defined tube) exserted 6--7 mm beyond the mouth of the corolla  
yes  
base expanded laterally? yes  
filaments off-white, pubescent on proximal 20--25% of length with simple unpigmented hairs  
anther color yellow prior to dehiscence  
anther size 1.9--3 mm, sometimes pubescent near sutures  
anther mucronate / mucronulate no  
insertion of filament into anther    
anthers of a flower open simultaneously?    
pollen quantity per flower 143,500 Mione et al. 660, flower collected in wild, not grown for study. Count by Emmett Varricchio
pollen grain size    
corona no  
Stigma
capitate, shallowly bilobed, dark green, 0.4 mm, exserted 5.5 mm beyond the anthers and 12 mm beyond the mouth of the corolla,
stigma papillae 25--30 µm long
 
Style
9 -- 18 mm, green, with a few hairs 0.06 mm long distally  
Ovary
disk broad, girdling base of ovary 3G
Ovules per ovary
156 Mione et al. 660; flower collected in wild, not grown for study. Count by T. M.
Nectar
red  
Herkogamy    
Protogyny    
Fruit color (at maturity) and size
subspherical, pale orange to 16 mm in diameter at maturity
 
Seeds per fruit
to 168 per berry, sub-triangular to reniform, compressed, alveolate  
Seed Size
1.59--1.8 X 1.23--1.47 X 0.42--0.48 mm  
Chromosome number
   
Growability in Connecticut, USA
   
How long does it take from flower to ripe fruit?
   
Self-Compatible?
   
Seed Germination
   
Ratio of pollen to ovules
920 Mione et al. 660, flower collected in wild, not grown for study
Character Description of Jaltomata leivae Figures on this web page

 

Jaltomata leivae is similar to J. ventricosa (Baker) Mione of the department La Libertad, Peru. Both species have an urceolate corolla having a 10-lobed, revolute limb, abundant red to orange nectar showing through the corolla wall, exserted stamens and style, and a peduncle under one cm long. Jaltomata leivae differs by having: a) flower buds that are dome-shaped at the apex and round in cross section, b) calyx lobes deltoid, wider than long and recurved at anthesis, c) calyx and corolla abaxially pubescent with branchlet hairs, d) corolla lobes light blue-purple to off-white, and e) hairs on no more than 25% of the filament, and hairs often present on the anther.  In contrast, J.ventricosa has: a) flower buds pointed at the apex and strongly 5-pointed in cross section, b) calyx lobes narrowly triangular, longer than wide, and rotate at anthesis, c) calyx and corolla abaxially glabrate, d) corolla lobes off-white, and e) hairs on 37% of the filament, and lacking on the anther.

Distribution, ecology, etymology. Jaltomata leivae is known only from Peru, department Cajamarca, province Contumazá, above the town of Guzmango in a ravine near a stream, between 2560 and 2650 m. This species flowers in April, May and June, and mature fruit was noted during the type collection (June). The specific epithet was chosen to honor Segundo Leiva G.

Collections of Jaltomata leivae studied:
All of the following were collected in Peru, Department Cajamarca, province Contumazá, distrito Guzmango
Locality
habitat
elevation
date
collector (herbarium)
date of data entry

TYPE. Above Guzmango

in remnant patch of native vegetation in ravine along stream
2650 m
17 June 1999
S. Leiva G., T. Mione & L. Yacher 2360 (holotype, HAO; isotypes, CORD, F, MO)
24 Feb 2014
   
   
Collected at same time & location as as type specimen in remnant patch of native vegetation in ravine along stream
2650 m
17 June 1999
T. Mione, S. Leiva G. & L. Yacher 660 (MO)
24 Feb 2014
arriba de Guzmango  
2570 m
24 April 1995
S. Leiva G. 1719 (CORD, F, HAO, MO)
24 Feb 2014
   
2560 m
31 May 1996
S. Leiva G. & Sagástegui 1839 (F, HAO)
24 Feb 2014

 

Figure 3. Jaltomata leivae. --A. Branch with leaves, inflorescence, and fruit. --B. Flower, lateral view. --C. Corolla dissected to show the insertion of the stamens. --D. Stamen, ventral view. –E, F. Anther with distal portion of filament, lateral-ventral and dorsal views, respectively. --G. Gynoecium --H. Berry with calyx, lateral view. Scale bar of D also applies to E & F.
S. Leiva 2360, drawn by Segundo Leiva G.

Figure 4. Branch with leaves and a flower at center, type collection.
Photo by Thomas Mione in Peru, a print was scanned.

Figure 5.

The dwindling
habitat of
Jaltomata leivae
.

We found it growing only along the stream, and evidence of the cutting of vegetation was eveywhere including nearby.

This species is known only from this locality.

 

 

 

Photo by Thomas Mione,

Mione, Leiva G. & Yacher 660

Figure 6.

Calyx (green) and revolute corolla of Jaltomata leivae

Photo by Thomas Mione,

Mione, Leiva G. & Yacher 660

to Jaltomata homepage
The information on this page may be cited as a communication with professor Thomas Mione
Central Connecticut State University, Biology Department, Copernicus Hall, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, Connecticut 06050-4010, United States of America

Frutex vel suffrutex; laminae ad 11 x 5.3 cm, membranaceae, glabratae; inflorescentia (1-) 2 (-3)-flora; corolla urceolata, basi rubroviolacea limbus totus revolutus, 14 mm latus, lobis 10; stamina 11--14 mm, antherae 1.9--3 mm; styli 9--18 mm.