Jaltomata contumacensis S. Leiva & Mione
Peru
revised Feb 2022 
The information on this page may be cited as a personal communication with Thomas Mione (Biology Department, Central Connecticut State Uiversity, New Britain, CT 06050-4010) and Segundo Leiva G.
(Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Av. América Sur 3145, Casilla postal 1075, Trujillo Peru).
Novon 17: 49-58. 2007
Link to Jaltomata homepage
Link to list of edible Jaltomata species,
including this one
Link to the Jaltomata of Cajamarca, Peru
Link to table of Jaltomata of northern Peru
Figure 1. Flower. Anthers all dehisced. Photo by Thomas Mione, Mione et al. 656. Figure 2. Flower. Stigma exserted beyone dehisced anthers 1 to 2 mm. Photo by Thomas Mione, Mione et al 656.
Figure 3. Inflorescence of Jaltomata contumacensis. Sagástegui & Leiva 15832. Photo by S. Leiva. Figure 4. Unripe fruits, branches and leaves. Leiva & Sagástegui 1826. Photo by S. Leiva

Figure 5. Two flowers of Jaltomata contumacensis. Leiva & Sagástegui 1825. Photo by S. Leiva.

Figure 6. Bilobed stigma of Jaltomata contumacensis. Papillae 25 to 48 micrometers long. Mione & Leiva 656, placed in 70% ethanol in Peru when the collection was made, and photographed in Connecticut Sept 2004 with a dissecting scope. Photo by T. Mione.

TYPE: Peru. Cajamarca: Prov. Contumazá, Bosque Cachil, betw. Cascas and Contumazá, 2740 m, 16 Jun. 1999, S. Leiva G., T. Mione & L. Yacher 2356 (holotype, HAO; isotypes, F, MO, USN).

Frutex; laminae ad 8.7 x 5.3 cm, membranaceae, dendritici-piliferae pro maxima parte; inflorescentia 2- (3-) flora; corolla urceolata-tubulosa, pallide viridis, limbus 13--17.5 mm, lobis 10; stamina 10--16 mm, antherae 2--2.75 mm; styli 8--21 mm.

Character Description Figures on this page
Habit & Height
leaning shrub 0.7 to 4 m high
 
Branches, young
green, angular, lanate to glabrate with mostly dendritic hairs
and some interspersed finger hairs, not gland-tipped
 
older woody stems to 2.3 cm in diameter at base, terete, with lenticels, glabrous, light brown  
Leaves, size
alternate, often geminate; the blade membranous to 8.7 X 5.3 cm
1,2,3,4,5
shape
the blade ovate to lanceolate, the apex acute, the base rounded,
the margin entire to somewhat repand, ciliate
 
hairs
densely to sparsely pubescent on both faces
 
petiole
to 2.1 cm
 
Inflorescence
axillary, 2-(3) flowered and fruited  
Peduncle & Pedicel 15 (-21) mm; pedicel 7--20 mm; both terete, green, and densely to sparsely pubescent with dendritic hairs  
Calyx when flowering
green, to 17 mm across, the lobes deltoid, adaxially glabrous, abaxially with a dense covering of mostly dendritic but some finger hairs, the margin ciliate
1,2,3,5
shape / position when flowering
rotate to somewhat reflexed
1,2,3,5
at fruit maturity
to 23 mm across
 
Corolla color

light-green, the lobules lighter than the lobes

 
shape and size
urceolate-tubular, the tube 10--11 mm long,
the limb 13--18 mm across, slightly recurved
 
lobes / lobules
10-total: narrowly triangular lobes 4 X 2.5 mm alternating with lobules
 
hairs
abaxially sparsely pubescent with dendritic, finger and forked hairs and abundant glands, the margin ciliate
 
Stamen length
10--16 mm, exserted 1--8 mm beyond the mouth of the corolla
 
radial thickenings?
yes
 
base expanded laterally?
somewhat (ventral view)
 
filaments purple at base (not evident on pressed specimens), otherwise green, pubescent on proximal 20--40% of the length, the hairs simple and unpigmented  
anther color
not mentioned in protologue, not mentioned in Leiva 1998, almost certainly yellow
3
anther size 2--2.75 mm  
anther mucronate sometimes  
anthers of a flower open simultaneously?    
pollen quantity 71,750 - 86,750 grains (n = 2 flowers) counts by CCSU student Elisabeth dos Santos.
pollen grain size range 29.63 to 34.32 micrometers, mean 31.55 micrometers (n = 14 grains) anthers were preserved in Peru in 70% ethanol and then pollen sat in cotton blue for 30 min before being measured
corona
no
 
Stigma capitate, bilobed (often obscured by pressing), green, 0.5--1.1 mm, gynoecium glabrous except for stigma papillae 25 to 48 µm long  
Disk around ovary disk broad, girdling base of ovary  
Style length (hermaphroditic phase) 8--21 mm, pale green  
Nectar
usually translucent, sometimes orange
 
Herkogamy? stigma exserted to 5.8 mm beyond anthers  
Fruit color (at maturity) and size Berries subspherical, orange and to 13 mm across at maturity  
Seeds light brown, 1.38--1.74 X 1.17--1.32 X 0.45--0.54 mm, sub-reniform to sub-orbicular  
Chromosome number
no data
 

Discussion. Jaltomata contumacensis is similar to J. yacheri, and to J. biflora (Ruiz & Pavón) Benítez of the Department of Junín, Peru. Jaltomata contumacensis grows to four m high, bears predominantly dendritic hairs, has light-colored anthers, and the corolla lobules are conspicuous. In contrast, J. biflora grows to about one meter, bears predominatly gland-tipped finger hairs, has purple anthers, and the corolla lobules are inconspicuous (Mione et al., 2001). Arroyo Alfaro et al. (2008) call for the urgent conservation of Bosque Cachil, the type locality of this species.

 

Distribution, ecology, and etymology of Jaltomata contumacensis
Jaltomata contumacensis grows in Peru, Department of Cajamarca, province Contumazá, between 2530 and 3000 m. It is abundant along streams and has been collected in the interior of forests. Sagástegui et al. (1995) correctly listed this species among those of Bosque Cachil, a forest fragment. Flowering is in January, and both flowers and fruits were noted in March, April and June. The specific epithet refers to the province of Contumazá.

 

specimens studied, Jaltomata contumacensis
Department province Locality elevation m habitat date collector data entry
Cajamarca Contumazá arriba de Bosque Cachil
2720
borde de río entre Rubus y Siparuna 28 Jan 1996 S. Leiva 1762 (US)
Aug 2010
 
 
             

To be moved to table above:

Cajamarca: Prov. Contumazá, Bosque Cachil, A. Sagástegui 15570 (F, HAO), S. Leiva G. 1775 (HAO),

T. Mione, S. Leiva & L. Yacher 656 (MO); alrededores de Bosque Cachil, S. Leiva 1766 (HAO);

Ruta Contumazá–-Cascabamba, S. Leiva & A. Sagástegui A. 1825 (HAO), S. Leiva & A. Sagástegui A. 1826 (HAO);

S. Leiva G., A. Sagástegui A. & V. Quipiscoa 1941 (HAO); Shamon (ca. Cascabamba), A. Sagástegui A. & S. Leiva G. 15832 (HAO);

ruta Pampa de La Sal–-Lledén, S. Leiva G., A. Sagástegui A. & V. Quipiscoa 1947 (F, HAO);

alrededores de San Martín, S. Leiva G., A. Sagástegui A. & V. Quipiscoa 1960 (F, HAO).

Literature Cited