| Jaltomata contumacensis S. Leiva & Mione | Peru |
revised Feb 2022 |
| The information on this page may be cited as a personal communication with Thomas Mione (Biology Department, Central Connecticut State Uiversity, New Britain, CT 06050-4010) and Segundo Leiva G. (Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Av. América Sur 3145, Casilla postal 1075, Trujillo Peru). |
Novon 17: 49-58. 2007 |
Link to Jaltomata homepage |
Link to list of edible Jaltomata species, including this one |
Link to the Jaltomata of Cajamarca, Peru |
Link to table of Jaltomata of northern Peru |
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| Figure 1. Flower. Anthers all dehisced. Photo by Thomas Mione, Mione et al. 656. | Figure 2. Flower. Stigma exserted beyone dehisced anthers 1 to 2 mm. Photo by Thomas Mione, Mione et al 656. |
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| Figure 3. Inflorescence of Jaltomata contumacensis. Sagástegui & Leiva 15832. Photo by S. Leiva. | Figure 4. Unripe fruits, branches and leaves. Leiva & Sagástegui 1826. Photo by S. Leiva |
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Figure 5. Two flowers of Jaltomata contumacensis. Leiva & Sagástegui 1825. Photo by S. Leiva. |
Figure 6. Bilobed stigma of Jaltomata contumacensis. Papillae 25 to 48 micrometers long. Mione & Leiva 656, placed in 70% ethanol in Peru when the collection was made, and photographed in Connecticut Sept 2004 with a dissecting scope. Photo by T. Mione. |
TYPE: Peru. Cajamarca: Prov. Contumazá, Bosque Cachil, betw. Cascas and Contumazá, 2740 m, 16 Jun. 1999, S. Leiva G., T. Mione & L. Yacher 2356 (holotype, HAO; isotypes, F, MO, USN).
Frutex; laminae ad 8.7 x 5.3 cm, membranaceae, dendritici-piliferae pro maxima parte; inflorescentia 2- (3-) flora; corolla urceolata-tubulosa, pallide viridis, limbus 13--17.5 mm, lobis 10; stamina 10--16 mm, antherae 2--2.75 mm; styli 8--21 mm.
| Character | Description | Figures on this page |
|---|---|---|
| Habit & Height | leaning shrub 0.7 to 4 m high |
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Branches, young |
green, angular, lanate to glabrate with mostly dendritic hairs and some interspersed finger hairs, not gland-tipped |
|
| older | woody stems to 2.3 cm in diameter at base, terete, with lenticels, glabrous, light brown | |
Leaves, size |
alternate, often geminate; the blade membranous to 8.7 X 5.3 cm |
1,2,3,4,5 |
| shape | the blade ovate to lanceolate, the apex acute, the base rounded, the margin entire to somewhat repand, ciliate |
|
| hairs | densely to sparsely pubescent on both faces |
|
| petiole | to 2.1 cm |
|
Inflorescence |
axillary, 2-(3) flowered and fruited | |
| Peduncle & Pedicel | 15 (-21) mm; pedicel 7--20 mm; both terete, green, and densely to sparsely pubescent with dendritic hairs | |
Calyx when flowering |
green, to 17 mm across, the lobes deltoid, adaxially glabrous, abaxially with a dense covering of mostly dendritic but some finger hairs, the margin ciliate |
1,2,3,5 |
| shape / position when flowering | rotate to somewhat reflexed |
1,2,3,5 |
| at fruit maturity | to 23 mm across |
|
Corolla color |
light-green, the lobules lighter than the lobes |
|
| shape and size | urceolate-tubular, the tube 10--11 mm long, the limb 13--18 mm across, slightly recurved |
|
| lobes / lobules | 10-total: narrowly triangular lobes 4 X 2.5 mm alternating with lobules |
|
| hairs | abaxially sparsely pubescent with dendritic, finger and forked hairs and abundant glands, the margin ciliate |
|
Stamen length |
10--16 mm, exserted 1--8 mm beyond the mouth of the corolla |
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| radial thickenings? | yes |
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| base expanded laterally? | somewhat (ventral view) |
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| filaments | purple at base (not evident on pressed specimens), otherwise green, pubescent on proximal 20--40% of the length, the hairs simple and unpigmented | |
| anther color | not mentioned in protologue, not mentioned in Leiva 1998, almost certainly yellow |
3 |
| anther size | 2--2.75 mm | |
| anther mucronate | sometimes | |
| anthers of a flower open simultaneously? | ||
| pollen quantity | 71,750 - 86,750 grains (n = 2 flowers) | counts by CCSU student Elisabeth dos Santos. |
| pollen grain size | range 29.63 to 34.32 micrometers, mean 31.55 micrometers (n = 14 grains) | anthers were preserved in Peru in 70% ethanol and then pollen sat in cotton blue for 30 min before being measured |
| corona | no |
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| Stigma | capitate, bilobed (often obscured by pressing), green, 0.5--1.1 mm, gynoecium glabrous except for stigma papillae 25 to 48 µm long | |
| Disk around ovary | disk broad, girdling base of ovary | |
| Style length (hermaphroditic phase) | 8--21 mm, pale green | |
| Nectar | usually translucent, sometimes orange |
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| Herkogamy? | stigma exserted to 5.8 mm beyond anthers | |
| Fruit color (at maturity) and size | Berries subspherical, orange and to 13 mm across at maturity | |
| Seeds | light brown, 1.38--1.74 X 1.17--1.32 X 0.45--0.54 mm, sub-reniform to sub-orbicular | |
| Chromosome number | no data |
Discussion. Jaltomata contumacensis is similar to J. yacheri, and to J. biflora (Ruiz & Pavón) Benítez of the Department of Junín, Peru. Jaltomata contumacensis grows to four m high, bears predominantly dendritic hairs, has light-colored anthers, and the corolla lobules are conspicuous. In contrast, J. biflora grows to about one meter, bears predominatly gland-tipped finger hairs, has purple anthers, and the corolla lobules are inconspicuous (Mione et al., 2001). Arroyo Alfaro et al. (2008) call for the urgent conservation of Bosque Cachil, the type locality of this species.
| Jaltomata contumacensis grows in Peru, Department of Cajamarca, province Contumazá, between 2530 and 3000 m. It is abundant along streams and has been collected in the interior of forests. Sagástegui et al. (1995) correctly listed this species among those of Bosque Cachil, a forest fragment. Flowering is in January, and both flowers and fruits were noted in March, April and June. The specific epithet refers to the province of Contumazá. |
| Department | province | Locality | elevation m | habitat | date | collector | data entry |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cajamarca | Contumazá | arriba de Bosque Cachil | 2720 |
borde de río entre Rubus y Siparuna | 28 Jan 1996 | S. Leiva 1762 (US) | Aug 2010 |
To be moved to table above:
Cajamarca: Prov. Contumazá, Bosque Cachil, A. Sagástegui 15570 (F, HAO), S. Leiva G. 1775 (HAO),
T. Mione, S. Leiva & L. Yacher 656 (MO); alrededores de Bosque Cachil, S. Leiva 1766 (HAO);
Ruta Contumazá–-Cascabamba, S. Leiva & A. Sagástegui A. 1825 (HAO), S. Leiva & A. Sagástegui A. 1826 (HAO);
S. Leiva G., A. Sagástegui A. & V. Quipiscoa 1941 (HAO); Shamon (ca. Cascabamba), A. Sagástegui A. & S. Leiva G. 15832 (HAO);
ruta Pampa de La Sal–-Lledén, S. Leiva G., A. Sagástegui A. & V. Quipiscoa 1947 (F, HAO);
alrededores de San Martín, S. Leiva G., A. Sagástegui A. & V. Quipiscoa 1960 (F, HAO).