Jaltomata cuyasensis Leiva, Quipuscoa & Sawyer |
Peru |
revised Sept 2018 |
The information on this page may be cited as a communication with professor Thomas Mione, Central Connecticut State University, Biology Department, Copernicus Hall, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, CT 06050-4010 USA, and professor Segundo Leiva G., Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Av. América Sur 3145, Casilla postal 1075, Trujillo, Peru |
Link to Jaltomata homepage |
Link to table comparing all Jaltomata species of northern Peru |
Link to edible Jaltomata species including this one |
Link to local names of Jaltomata including of this species |
Figure 1. Jaltomata cuyasensis. In the upper flower note the stigma (in focus at center) connected by style to ovary; . Note the nectar at the base of the corolla in the upper flower. In the upper flower three anthers remain undehisced while two (top and bottom) have dehisced. In the lower flower note that all five anthers have dehisced, and on the stigma a shallow medial groove is evident. Towards the upper left we can see a flower bud that would open the next day. Photo by T. Mione, March 2011, Mione, Leiva G. and Yacher 806. |
Figure 2. Map of department Piura, Peru, where Jaltomata cuyasensis grows. Photo by T. Mione, March 2011. Movie of cloud forest in northern Peru Bosque de Cuyas. The roadsides through this forest are habitat for Jaltomata cuyasensis (movie by Thomas Mione, 37 seconds, 43.3 MB, March 2011; in this movie the first person is Segundo Leiva G. and the second person is Leon Yacher). |
Figure 3. Jaltomata cuyasensis. Unripe fruit with persistent style in foreground of flower with both flower and fruit shown in side view. Note the vestiture of non-gland-tipped finger hairs on the stem. Photo by T. Mione, March 2011, Mione, Leiva G. and Yacher 806. |
Figure 4. Jaltomata cuyasensis. The corolla-androecium has fallen off of the flower located just left of center, revealing the adaxial face of the calyx and the disk (orange) around the base of the ovary. The flower located to the right of center shows two dehisced anthers and three undehisced anthers. A flower bud can be seen at far upper right. Photo by T. Mione, March 2011, Mione, Leiva G. and Yacher 806. |
Figure 5. Jaltomata cuyasensis. Unripe fruits on left. In one population we found both functionally hermaphroditic flowers as shown in figures 1, 3 and 4, and flowers that were male-sterile and lavender in color shown on the right side. Photo by Segundo Leiva G., March 2011, Leiva G., Mione & Yacher 5092. |
Character | Description of Jaltomata cuyasensis | Figures on this page |
Habit & Height |
Shrub to 1.1 m high (to 1.5 m, Quipuscoa et al. 725) | 8 |
Branches, young |
purple, angular in cross section, sparsely pubescent with non-gland-tipped finger hairs | 7 |
older |
nearly round in cross section, to 14 mm diam | 7 |
Leaves, size | alternate sometimes appearing opposite, to 13.5 cm long X 10 cm wide |
6 |
shape | eliptical, membranous, basally decurrent, the apex acute, entire |
6 |
hairs | underside nearly glabrous, the hairs concentrated on veins and non-gland-tipped; upperside pilosulose the finger hairs not gland-tipped | 7 |
petiole | to 4.6 cm, usually shorter | 6 |
Inflorescence |
umbellate, to 14-flowered according to protologue | 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9,10 |
peduncle |
green, pubescent with erect non-gland-tipped finger hairs | 4, 6 |
pedicel |
nearly terete, the raised longitudinal ridges visible with hand lens | 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10 |
Calyx at flowering | green on adaxial (corolla) side, stellate in outline; the margin cilate with unbranched (finger) hairs, the abaxial (back) face pubescent with finger hairs | 1, 3, 4, 6, top of 9, 10 |
at fruit maturity | 5 | |
Corolla color |
usually white, sometimes purplish, with 5 pairs of green maculae in throat |
1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10 |
shape and size |
broadly crateriform-infundibular ("rotácea" in protologue); 1.5 - 2 cm diam | 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10 |
lobes/lobules |
5 lobed (Figure 5) or lobes alternating with small lobules (Figure 9 and as described in protologue) | 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10 |
hairs |
inner face seems glabrous with hand lens, outer face has finger hairs |
1, 3, 4, 5, 9, 10 |
radial corolla thickenings |
no | |
Stamen, length including anther | 4.4 - 4.8 mm long (protologue), pilose at base (Figure 9) | 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10 |
filaments | 2.5 - 2.8 mm long (protologue), pilose at base (Figure 9) | 1, 4, 5, 9, 10 |
anther color & length | 1.9 - 2 mm long (protologue), yellowish to cream colored | 1, 4, 10 |
anthers of a flower open simultaneously? | no | 1, 4, 10 |
pollen quantity per flower | 88,750 - 138,500 |
flowers of Mione et al. 806 collected in Peru (not grown for study), n = 2 flowers, counts by CCSU students Elisabeth dos Santos and Emmett Varricchio |
pollen grain size | add this data | |
Stigma |
green, bilobed | 1, 3, 4, 5, 9, 10 |
Style |
3.5 - 5.1 mm long (protologue), off-white | 1, 3, 4, 5, 9, 10 |
Ovary |
green, glabrous, the disk bright yellow and 60% of the height of the ovary in side view | 1, 4, 5, 9, 10 |
Ovules per ovary |
78 | n = 1 flower, Mione et al. 806 |
Nectar | transparent | 1 |
Herkogamy | yes, a few mm | 1, 4, 5, 9, 10 |
Protogyny | no data |
|
Fruit color (at maturity) and size |
orange, 5-6 mm X 8-9 mm | 5 |
Seeds per fruit |
78 (protologue) | |
Seed Size |
||
Chromosome number |
no data |
|
Growability in Connecticut, USA |
no data |
|
How long does it take from flower to ripe fruit? |
no data |
|
Self-Compatible? |
no data |
|
Seed Germination |
no data |
|
Ratio of pollen to ovules |
1776 (138,500 / 78) | n = 1 flower, Mione et al. 806 |
Character | Description of Jaltomata cuyasensis | Figures |
Figure 6. Leaves of Jaltomata cuyasensis. Only the leaves at the two leaves at right and lower right are upside down (showing abaxial face); all other leaves show the upper side, the adaxial face. Smallest units across bottom are mm. Photo by T. Mione, March 2011, Mione, Leiva G. and Yacher 806. |
Department | province | locality | elevation | habitat | date | collector | Data Entry |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Piura | Ayabaca | montaña de Cuyas | 2,420 |
bosque húmedo montano | 5 June 1996 | TYPE: V. Quipuscoa S. et al. 725 (Holotype: HAO; Isotypes: CORD, F, MO) | Apr 2011 |
Piura | Ayabaca | Bosque de Cuyas | 2,480 |
borde de carretera | 21 Sept 1996 | S. Leiva & V. Quipuscoa 1870 (F, HAO) | Apr 2011 |
Piura | Ayabaca | alrededores del Bosque Cuyas, S 4 37', W 79 42" | 2,690 |
borde de carretera entre Alnus acuminata | 06 July 1997 | S. Leiva, N. Sawyer & V. Quipuscoa 2025 (HAO) | Apr 2011 |
Piura | Ayabaca | 8 km NE of Ayabaca above Las Cuyas, S 4 37', W 79 42" | 2,600 |
in quebrada | 06 June 1997 | N. W. Sawyer & S. Leiva 801 (HAO) | Apr 2011 |
Piura | Ayabaca | S 04 38' 41.8" W 79 43' 39.2" |
2,750 |
roadside man-made embankment | 20 March 2011 | Leiva, Mione & Yacher 5092; Mione, Leiva & Yacher 806 |
Apr 2011 |
Figure 7. Jaltomata cuyasensis. Older stem on left; younger stem on right. Photo by T. Mione. |
Figure 8. Jaltomata cuyasensis upright in middle, in its roadside habitat. Photo by T. Mione |
Figure 9. Jaltomata cuyasensis. Flowers showing purplish ring immediately outside of the 5 pairs of corolla maculae. All anthers dehisced in both flowers. Photo by T. Mione. |
Figure 10. Jaltomata cuyasensis. Upper flower shows 5 pairs of maculae in throat of corolla, pubescence at base of stamens, three anthers undehisced and two dehisced, and stigma in focus at center. Photo by T. Mione. |
Photo by Segundo Leiva G. of Thomas Mione holding Jaltomata cuyasensis |