Jaltomata atiquipa Mione & S. Leiva G.
Peru
revised Aug 2023
Link to Jaltomata homepage The information on this page may be cited as a communication with
professor Thomas Mione, Central Connecticut State University, Biology Department, Copernicus Hall, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, CT 06050-4010 USA, and
Segundo Leiva G., Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Av. América Sur 3145, Casilla postal 1075, Trujillo, Peru


Phytologia 93(2): 203 - 207. 2011.
Link to the Jaltomata of southern Peru
Link to the Jaltomata of lomas (coastal fog)
Link to Lomas de Atiquipa
1. In the center flower the stigma is green and 4 anthers have completely dehisced while the lowest anther is in the process of dehiscing
(Mione et al. 804, photo by Segundo Leiva G.)
2. The lighter green leaves and white flowers, including those of the branch extending up to the far left, are those of Jaltomata atiquipa
(White ruler 21 cm long, Mione et al. 804, photo by Segundo Leiva G.)
3. Flowers of Jaltomata atiquipa growing in the lomas de Atiquipa
(Mione et al. 804, photo by Segundo Leiva G.).
4. Inflorescence of Jaltomata atiquipa growing in the lomas de Atiquipa
(Mione et al. 804, photo by Segundo Leiva G.)
5. Ruler 15 cm long, Mione et al. 804, photo by Segundo Leiva G.
6. Flower was photographed through dissecting microscope after ovary was dissected to reveal ovules and ovarian disk (a disk of presumably nectary tissue that surrounds the ovary). The blue arrow shows the scar left when the style broke off from its attachment at this location (Flowers from type collection stored in 70% ethanol until dissected; dissection and photo by Thomas Mione, January 2011).
7. Inflorescence (units along top are mm,
Mione et al. 804, photo by Thomas Mione)
8. Lomas de Atiquipa, elevations showing are lower than those where
Jaltomata atiquipa was encountered (photo by Thomas Mione)
9. Stem with lenticels
(smallest units on ruler are mm, Mione et al. 804,
photo by Thomas Mione)
10. The place and time of the type collection
Jaltomata plant located under Thomas Mione's right hand
(photo by Segundo Leiva G.)
11. Leaves at left and middle show upper surface while leaf at right shows underside
(smallest units along top are mm, Mione et al. 804, photo by Thomas Mione)

 

Character Description of Jaltomata atiquipa Figures on this web page
Habit & Height
Shrub to 1.5 m high 2
Branches, young
 green, puberulent, terete (no longer terete after being pressed)  
older
hollow, brown, glabrate with lenticels, to 1 cm diameter 8
Leaves, size the blade to 13 cm long X 11 cm wide 11
shape the blade ovate, the larger leaves basally truncate, sometimes basally oblique, the apex acute or subacute, sometimes acuminate, the margin subentire to toothed 11
arrangement and hairs alternate, sometimes geminate; young leaves puberulent becoming glabrate  
petiole to 4.2 cm long 11
Inflorescence
axillary, to 7 (-8) flowered 5, 7
peduncle
 green, to 21 mm long, terete, finely pubescent to glabrous 5, 7
pedicel
 green, to 11 mm long, terete, finely pubescent to glabrous 5, 7
Calyx at flowering green and planar, 8 - 11 mm diameter, the lobes triangular, the margin ciliate 3, 4
at fruit maturity
no data
  
Corolla color
 white with green throat (10 green maculae in base) 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 13
shape and size
 crateriform, to 15 mm diameter when pressed 1, 3, 4, 12, 13
lobes/lobules
 5-lobed 1, 3, 4, 13
hairs
the hairs of two types: nonglandular finger hairs (uniseriate) 0.8 mm long,
and stalked multicellular glands 75-85 micrometers long		  
radial thickenings
 no 13
Stamen, length including anther 4 mm 1
filaments whitish, glabrous except for the base where the hairs are 0.21 mm long 1, 6
anther color & length cream-colored prior to dehiscence, 1.1 - 1.4 mm long, emucronate 1, 6,12
anthers of a flower open simultaneously? to answer this question (January 2011) all photos taken (when the type collection was made) were carefully observed: all flowers but one show either dehisced anthers are undehisced anthers suggesting that for the most part the anthers of a flower do dehisced simultaneously or nearly simultaneously. A few photos do show some differences in timing of dehiscence among the anthers of a flower. 1
pollen quantity per androecium: range 58,250 - 99,500, mean 69,950
(n = 5 flowers of the type collection)		 counts by Alison Cameron
Jan 2011
pollen grain size

diameter: range 25 - 30 micrometers, mean 28.67 micrometers
(24 grains, type collection stored in 70% ethanol until Feb 2011 when grains were stained in cotton blue in lactophenol and measued by T. M. in polar view)

  
Gynoecium
 glabrous except for stigma papillae 6
Stigma
 green, capitate with a shallow medial groove, exserted beyond the dehisced anthers 1, 13
Style
whitish, 6 mm long 3, 4, 6
Ovary
green; the ovarian (nectary) disk orangish and fairly thick, occupying about 60% of the height of the ovary 6
Ovules per ovary
81 - 94 (four flowers, mean 88.75) 6
Nectar red/orange nectar not present 1, 3, 4, 7, 12, 13
Herkogamy Yes, the stigma is exserted a few mm beyond the dehisced anthers 1, 4
Protogyny
To answer this question all photos taken (when the type collection was made) were carefully observed: there are a few open flowers that show undehisced anthers and are thurs showing a pistillate phase of uncertain duration. There is no way of knowing, with the information at hand, if the duration of protogyny is say one hour or one full day, and there is no way of knowing if all flowers are pistillate before becoming functionally hermaphroditic (comments of January 2011).
 only figure 12, all other figures show functionally hermaphroditic flowers
Fruit color (at maturity) and size
not seen, most likely orange; no data for mature fruit size but probably about a cm in diameter  
Infructescence
no data
  
Seeds per fruit
no data
  
Seed Size
no data
  
Chromosome number
no data
  
Growability in Connecticut, USA
no attempt to grow has been made
  
How long does it take from flower to ripe fruit?
no data
  
Self-Compatible?
no data
  
Seed Germination
no data
  

 

Specimens, all from Peru:

Department Province Locality altitude m habitat date collector
Arequipa

Caraveli

 Lomas de Atiquipa
15 45' 38.3" to 15 45' 36.1"
W 74 22' 24.5" to 74 22' 36.0"
842 - 996
in protection of larger shrubs
17 Jan 2010
 TYPE SPECIMEN:
T. Mione, S. Leiva G., L. Yacher 804
(ISOTYPES: HUSA, US)
S. Leiva G. et al. 4664 (HAO).
Arequipa

Caraveli

 Lomas de Atiquipa
700 - 900
no data
19 Mar 1998
 without names of collectors 1923 (CUZ)

12. Anthers undehisced (Mione et al. 804, photo by Segundo Leiva G.)
13. Anthers dehisced (Mione et al. 804, photo by Segundo Leiva G.)
14. Lomas de Atiquipa. Left to right: Freddie, Julieta Delatorre, Leon Yacher (drivers seat), and Segundo Leiva G. (photo by Thomas Mione)
15. Town of Atiquipa. Hills showing behind town are too low for the Jaltomata species shown on this page and one would need to walk uphill for about an hour to an hour and a half to see the fog and shrub habitat that includes the Jaltomata species of this page (photo by Thomas Mione)
16. Cover of the journal Phytologia, August 2011, Volume 93 (2).
17. Residents of the town of Atiquipa (photo by Segundo Leiva G).
18. Resident of the town of Atiquipa (photo by TM).
Doy gracias a Julieta Delatorre y Freddie de Atiquipa, y Aldo Orgega Paredes para depositar una espécimen de esta especie en el herbario de CUZ. ¡Su espécimen me puso sobre aviso a la existencia de esta especie!